Туристична галузь України : стан та шляхи відновлення

Abstract

У статті досліджено сучасний стан туристичної галузі України під впливом пандемії та воєнної агресії. Практично в усіх розвинених країнах світу туризм є важливою частиною доходів бюджету країни. Останні роки виявилися надто тяжкими не тільки для туристичної галузі України, але й для економіки країни в цілому. У роботі досліджено надходження від туристичної діяльності до Державного бюджету України, проаналізовано статистичні дані щодо сплаченого податку туристичними підприємствами за регіонами. Цьогорічний туристичний сезон один з найскладніших, але з початком літнього періоду попит на подорожі серед українців почав дещо поновлюватись. У майбутньому туристична галузь України вже не буде такою, як була раніше. У будь-якому випадку на неї чекає нове відродження. Найперспективнішим видом туризму для країни стане воєнно-історичний та пізнавальний туризм. The article examines the current state of the tourism industry of Ukraine under the influence of the pandemic and military aggression. In almost all developed countries of the world, tourism is an important part of the country's budget revenues. Recent years have been too difficult not only for the tourism industry of Ukraine, but also for the country's economy as a whole. The war in Ukraine, since the Russian invasion, has caused a significant weakening of the economy in general: production volumes have decreased, prices have risen, and enterprise logistics have been disrupted. The paper examines income from tourism activities to the State Budget of Ukraine, analyzes statistical data on the tax paid by tourist enterprises by region. Total revenues from tourism activities to the State Budget of Ukraine decreased by 18%. This year's tourist season is one of the most difficult, but with the beginning of the summer period, the demand for travel among Ukrainians began to recover somewhat. In the central and western regions, some tourist operators engaged in domestic tourism resumed their work. Some of the territories are occupied or are in the war zone, so tourist activities are impossible there. And safe regions serve mainly as a refuge for Ukrainians forced to leave their homes. The first step to the restoration of tourism in Ukraine will be the adjustment of those tourist products of the regions that were already formed before the war, the assessment of their condition and, based on the results, drawing up development plans for the coming years. After the appropriate inventory, the next step in the restoration of the tourism sphere should be the development of strategies for the development of the regions directly affected by the hostilities and the territories adjacent to them. It is also important to determine the sources of financing and the formation of the budget. In the future, the tourism industry of Ukraine will not be the same as it was before. In any case, a new revival awaits her. The most promising type of tourism for the country will be military-historical and educational tourism. It will attract not only Ukrainian tourists, but also foreign guests, whose goal will be to see the places of past events with their own eyes.