Етапи розвитку концепцій суспільства споживання

Abstract

У статті представлені результати соціально-політичного пізнання суспільства споживання, як способу соціалізації індивідів у суспільстві; розглянуто передумови та етапи його становлення, окреслені характерні особливості. Споживання розглядається в якості стійкого соціального процесу, що слугує способом конструювання ідентичності споживача. Автори у ході роботи доводять складність та актуальність даного явища, за рахунок наявності великої кількості різноманітних підходів та теорій до розуміння суспільства споживання. The article presents the results of socio-political analysis of consumer society as a way of socialization of individuals in society; prerequisites and stages of its formation are considered; characteristic features are outlined. Consumption is considered as a sustainable social process that serves as a way of constructing consumer identity. It is proved that the phenomenon of consumption is increasingly becoming one of the most important spheres of modern person’s life, which leads to large-scale changes in social and political relations, and also to the rethinking of values and ideals, changes in life attitudes. Dialectical, structural-functional and synergetic approaches are theoretical and methodological basis of the research. Scientific novelty is determined by the actual problem, which until now has not received a holistic analysis in Ukrainian political science. Results of the study can be applied in various fields of political science, philosophy, sociology, both academic and practical purposes. The purpose of this article is to determine the main stages of consumer society concepts. The authors in their research prove the complexity and relevance of this phenomenon, due to the presence of a large number of different approaches and theories to the understanding of consumer society. The authors propose their own periodization of the origin and development of the consumer society concepts: period of privileged consumption – 16-18 centuries; the period of industrial consumption – 18-19 centuries; the period of information and cultural consumption – 20-21 centuries. As a result, it is worth noting that the consumer society was formed in parallel to the transformations of the society itself, its economic and political system, changes of social and political orientations of individuals, forming an active and contradictory system. In general, we can assume that consumerism (as a behavioral model) is characteristic for mass society with so-called democratic regimes. Thus it can be considered as a peculiar form of repression and control that replaces physical persecution, coercion and total supervision of totalitarian societies. This tendency undoubtedly points to the prospect of further research on this issue.